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X5CrNiMo17-12-2 EN 10222-5 1.4401 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 EN 10028-7 1.4401 Flat Face EN1092 Flange
1.4401 Steel: Properties and Composition
1.4401 steel is a common European stainless steel grade, broadly equivalent to AISI 316. It's an austenitic stainless steel known for very good corrosion resistance, especially in chloride-containing environments like marine atmospheres or mildly saline solutions.
Typical Chemical Composition of 1.4401 (in weight %)
Element
Composition
Carbon (C)
≤ 0.07%
Silicon (Si)
≤ 1.00%
Manganese (Mn)
≤ 2.00%
Phosphorus (P)
≤ 0.045%
Sulfur (S)
≤ 0.015% (sometimes ≤ 0.03%, depending on standard)
Chromium (Cr)
16.5 – 18.5%
Nickel (Ni)
10.0 – 13.0%
Molybdenum (Mo)
2.0 – 2.5%
Nitrogen (N)
≤ 0.11%
Iron (Fe)
Balance (the remainder)
Why This Composition Matters
Chromium (16.5–18.5%): Forms a passive chromium oxide film on the surface, giving the steel its "stainless" character. The higher Cr content improves resistance to oxidation and general corrosion.
Nickel (10–13%): Stabilizes the austenitic structure, making the steel tough and non-magnetic (in solution-annealed condition). Improves overall corrosion resistance and toughness, especially at low temperatures.
Molybdenum (2.0–2.5%): The key difference from 304-type stainless steels. Greatly enhances pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in chloride media (e.g., seawater, de-icing salts). This is why 1.4401 / 316 is often chosen for marine, chemical, and food-industry environments.
Low Carbon (≤ 0.07%): Reduces the risk of chromium carbide precipitation at grain boundaries during welding and heat exposure, which helps maintain corrosion resistance. However, if excellent weldability and resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding are critical, the low-carbon variant 1.4404 (316L) is usually preferred.
Controlled Impurities (P, S): Phosphorus and sulfur are kept low to avoid hot cracking and to maintain toughness and corrosion resistance.
Summary
1.4401 is an austenitic stainless steel similar to AISI 316, with about 17% Cr, 11–12% Ni, and ~2–2.5% Mo. This particular combination of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum gives it significantly better corrosion resistance—especially against pitting and crevice corrosion—than standard 304-type stainless steel, making it a very convincing choice for demanding, corrosive environments.
Best Alloy Engineering Alloy Pipe as s a reference point for excellence in the manufacture and distribution of fittings, piping, bends, forged flanges , clad products and specialties for the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors of oil & gas, thermal and nuclear power generation.
The C...
Best Alloy Engineering Alloy Pipe as s a reference point for excellence in the manufacture and distribution of fittings, piping, bends, forged flanges , clad products and specialties for the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors of oil & gas, thermal and nuclear power generation.
The C...
